How to grow tomato

Plant deep: stems buried in soil grow roots. Stake or cage at planting, not after.

Spacing1 per square foot
Plant out2 weeks after your last spring frost
Days to harvest60–85
FrostKilled by frost
HowStart indoors, then transplant
Family Nightshades

Rotation and family

Tomato belongs to the nightshades (Solanaceae). Heavy feeders that share early blight, late blight and soil-borne wilts.

In a four-bed crop rotation it goes in the fruiting-crop bed. Avoid growing it where any nightshades grew in the last three years.

Plan tomato in your garden

When to plant tomato by zone

ZoneStart indoorsSow / plant out
3Apr 1 – Apr 15Jun 3 – Jun 24
4Mar 24 – Apr 7May 26 – Jun 16
5Mar 12 – Mar 26May 14 – Jun 4
6Mar 2 – Mar 16May 4 – May 25
7Feb 18 – Mar 4Apr 22 – May 13
8Feb 5 – Feb 19Apr 9 – Apr 30
9Jan 4 – Jan 18Mar 8 – Mar 29
10Dec 14 – Dec 28Feb 15 – Mar 8

Based on typical frost dates for each zone; b half-zones run about a week earlier in spring. Zones 11–13 are frost-free in most years.

Tomato questions

When should I plant tomato?

Plant tomato outdoors 2 weeks after your last spring frost. Start seeds indoors about 7 weeks before your last frost.

How far apart should I plant tomato?

About 24 inches apart, or 1 per square foot in a square foot garden.

What grows well with tomato?

Traditional companions include asparagus, basil, carrot, chives, cilantro, garlic, lettuce, marigold, onion, parsley, pepper. Keep it away from broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, dill, fennel, kale, kohlrabi, potato, sweet corn.

How long does tomato take to grow?

Typically 60–85 days from transplanting to first harvest, depending on variety and weather.