How to grow potato

Hill soil over stems as they grow; tubers exposed to light turn green and bitter.

Spacing1 per square foot
Plant out3 weeks before your last spring frost
Days to harvest70–120
FrostTakes light frost
HowPlant crowns, tubers or sets
Family Nightshades

Rotation and family

Potato belongs to the nightshades (Solanaceae). Heavy feeders that share early blight, late blight and soil-borne wilts.

In a four-bed crop rotation it goes in the fruiting-crop bed. Avoid growing it where any nightshades grew in the last three years.

Plan potato in your garden

When to plant potato by zone

ZoneSow / plant out
3Apr 29 – May 20
4Apr 21 – May 12
5Apr 9 – Apr 30
6Mar 30 – Apr 20
7Mar 18 – Apr 8
8Mar 5 – Mar 26
9Feb 1 – Feb 22
10Jan 11 – Feb 1

Based on typical frost dates for each zone; b half-zones run about a week earlier in spring. Zones 11–13 are frost-free in most years.

Potato questions

When should I plant potato?

Plant potato outdoors 3 weeks before your last spring frost.

How far apart should I plant potato?

About 12 inches apart, or 1 per square foot in a square foot garden.

What grows well with potato?

Traditional companions include bush bean, cabbage, marigold, sweet corn. Keep it away from cucumber, melon, sunflower, tomato, turnip, winter squash, zucchini.

How long does potato take to grow?

Typically 70–120 days from sowing to first harvest, depending on variety and weather.