How to grow garlic

Plant cloves in fall a few weeks before the ground freezes; harvest when a third of the leaves brown.

Spacing9 per square foot
Plant outin fall, a few weeks before the ground freezes
Days to harvest240–270
FrostFrost-hardy
HowPlant cloves in fall
Family Alliums

Rotation and family

Garlic belongs to the alliums (Amaryllidaceae). Shallow-rooted; onion white rot survives in soil for many years.

In a four-bed crop rotation it goes in the roots & alliums bed. Avoid growing it where any alliums grew in the last three years.

Plan garlic in your garden

When to plant garlic by zone

ZonePlant cloves
3Aug 26 – Sep 23
4Sep 5 – Oct 3
5Sep 17 – Oct 15
6Sep 29 – Oct 27
7Oct 9 – Nov 6
8Oct 22 – Nov 19
9Nov 12 – Dec 10
10Nov 27 – Dec 25

Based on typical frost dates for each zone; b half-zones run about a week earlier in spring. Zones 11–13 are frost-free in most years.

Garlic questions

When should I plant garlic?

Plant garlic outdoors in fall, a few weeks before the ground freezes.

How far apart should I plant garlic?

About 4 inches apart, or 9 per square foot in a square foot garden.

What grows well with garlic?

Traditional companions include beet, cabbage, carrot, parsnip, strawberry, tomato. Keep it away from asparagus, bush bean, pea, pole bean.

How long does garlic take to grow?

Typically 240–270 days from sowing to first harvest, depending on variety and weather.