How to grow parsnip

Use fresh seed every year. Frost turns starch to sugar, so leave them in until late fall.

Spacing9 per square foot
Plant out2 weeks before your last spring frost
Days to harvest100–130
FrostFrost-hardy
HowSow directly in the garden
Family Roots & umbellifers

Your parsnip dates

Companions

GarlicOnionRadish

Keep apart from

Carrot

Full companion planting chart

Rotation and family

Parsnip belongs to the roots & umbellifers (Apiaceae / Amaranthaceae). Light feeders; fresh manure makes carrots fork.

In a four-bed crop rotation it goes in the roots & alliums bed. Avoid growing it where any roots & umbellifers grew in the last three years.

Plan parsnip in your garden

When to plant parsnip by zone

ZoneSow / plant out
3May 6 – May 27
4Apr 28 – May 19
5Apr 16 – May 7
6Apr 6 – Apr 27
7Mar 25 – Apr 15
8Mar 12 – Apr 2
9Feb 8 – Mar 1
10Jan 18 – Feb 8

Based on typical frost dates for each zone; b half-zones run about a week earlier in spring. Zones 11–13 are frost-free in most years.

Parsnip questions

When should I plant parsnip?

Plant parsnip outdoors 2 weeks before your last spring frost.

How far apart should I plant parsnip?

About 4 inches apart, or 9 per square foot in a square foot garden.

What grows well with parsnip?

Traditional companions include garlic, onion, radish. Keep it away from carrot.

How long does parsnip take to grow?

Typically 100–130 days from sowing to first harvest, depending on variety and weather.