How to grow lettuce

Sow small amounts every two weeks. Heat above about 80°F makes it bolt and turn bitter.

Spacing4 per square foot
Plant out4 weeks before your last spring frost
Days to harvest30–60
FrostTakes light frost
HowDirect-sow or transplant
Family Salad & greens

Rotation and family

Lettuce belongs to the salad & greens (Asteraceae / Amaranthaceae). Quick crops that fill gaps between slower ones.

In a four-bed crop rotation it goes in the leaf & brassica bed. Avoid growing it where any salad & greens grew in the last three years.

Sow a fresh batch every 14 days for a steady supply. The succession planting calculator lists the dates.

Plan lettuce in your garden

When to plant lettuce by zone

ZoneStart indoorsSow / plant outSow for fall
3Apr 15 – Apr 29Apr 22 – Jun 3Jul 8 – Jul 29
4Apr 7 – Apr 21Apr 14 – May 26Jul 18 – Aug 8
5Mar 26 – Apr 9Apr 2 – May 14Jul 30 – Aug 20
6Mar 16 – Mar 30Mar 23 – May 4Aug 11 – Sep 1
7Mar 4 – Mar 18Mar 11 – Apr 22Aug 21 – Sep 11
8Feb 19 – Mar 5Feb 26 – Apr 9Sep 3 – Sep 24
9Jan 18 – Feb 1Jan 25 – Mar 8Sep 24 – Oct 15
10Dec 28 – Jan 11Jan 4 – Feb 15Oct 9 – Oct 30

Based on typical frost dates for each zone; b half-zones run about a week earlier in spring. Zones 11–13 are frost-free in most years.

Lettuce questions

When should I plant lettuce?

Plant lettuce outdoors 4 weeks before your last spring frost. Start seeds indoors about 5 weeks before your last frost. For a fall crop, sow about 10 weeks before your first fall frost.

How far apart should I plant lettuce?

About 6 inches apart, or 4 per square foot in a square foot garden.

What grows well with lettuce?

Traditional companions include arugula, beet, broccoli, cabbage, carrot, cucumber, dill, kohlrabi, onion, pea, radish, strawberry, tomato.

How long does lettuce take to grow?

Typically 30–60 days from sowing to first harvest, depending on variety and weather.