How to grow eggplant

The most heat-hungry nightshade. A row cover early on keeps flea beetles off young leaves.

Spacing1 per square foot
Plant out3 weeks after your last spring frost
Days to harvest65–85
FrostKilled by frost
HowStart indoors, then transplant
Family Nightshades

Your eggplant dates

Companions

BasilBush beanMarigoldOkra

Keep apart from

Fennel

Full companion planting chart

Rotation and family

Eggplant belongs to the nightshades (Solanaceae). Heavy feeders that share early blight, late blight and soil-borne wilts.

In a four-bed crop rotation it goes in the fruiting-crop bed. Avoid growing it where any nightshades grew in the last three years.

Plan eggplant in your garden

When to plant eggplant by zone

ZoneStart indoorsSow / plant out
3Mar 18 – Apr 1Jun 10 – Jul 1
4Mar 10 – Mar 24Jun 2 – Jun 23
5Feb 26 – Mar 12May 21 – Jun 11
6Feb 16 – Mar 2May 11 – Jun 1
7Feb 4 – Feb 18Apr 29 – May 20
8Jan 22 – Feb 5Apr 16 – May 7
9Dec 21 – Jan 4Mar 15 – Apr 5
10Nov 30 – Dec 14Feb 22 – Mar 15

Based on typical frost dates for each zone; b half-zones run about a week earlier in spring. Zones 11–13 are frost-free in most years.

Eggplant questions

When should I plant eggplant?

Plant eggplant outdoors 3 weeks after your last spring frost. Start seeds indoors about 9 weeks before your last frost.

How far apart should I plant eggplant?

About 24 inches apart, or 1 per square foot in a square foot garden.

What grows well with eggplant?

Traditional companions include basil, bush bean, marigold, okra. Keep it away from fennel.

How long does eggplant take to grow?

Typically 65–85 days from transplanting to first harvest, depending on variety and weather.